Show Notes
Pododermatitis Paw-dcast Show Notes (00:00) John introduces the podcast and Sue introduces Ursula Mayer – the guest on the show. Chapter 1 - Paw-sibilities – introduction to pododermatitis. (02:21) John invites Ursula to introduce herself. Ursula discusses her background and passion for pododermatitis, its prevalence, and its impact on dogs' quality of life. (03:33) When asked to define pododermatitis, Ursula explains that it's inflammation of the paw skin, with a particular emphasis on chronic cases, known as C-PIF. She discusses the various signs to look out for, such as excessive licking, lameness, and specific changes in paw appearance as the condition progresses. (05:31) Sue talks about the complexity of pododermatitis, and Ursula draws parallels with chronic otitis in terms of the multifaceted factors involved. She emphasises the importance of considering predisposing factors, primary causes including orthopaedic issues, secondary influences, and perpetuating factors in diagnosing and managing the condition effectively. Chapter 2 - Paw-sibilities - Orthopaedic Influences and Breed Predispositions (06:57) Sue asks Ursula to explain how orthopaedic diseases can contribute to pododermatitis in dogs. Ursula explains that pain from orthopaedic conditions alters weight bearing, causing dogs to adjust their stance and potentially rub their paws together, leading to inflammation and abnormal walking patterns. She goes on to discuss specific orthopaedic diseases, including elbow dysplasia, hip dysplasia, and arthritis affecting joints such as toes, carpus, tarsus, elbows, hips, and the back. These conditions can disrupt normal weight distribution and contribute to the development of pododermatitis. (08:35) Sue further illustrates with an example and Ursula emphasizes the importance of referring chronic cases to orthopaedic specialists for thorough examinations and imaging. She acknowledges the complexity of diagnosing older dogs with multiple affected areas, stressing the need for integrated care across disciplines to effectively manage pododermatitis. (09:56) John asks if this is just dogs and Ursula confirms that while cats can also suffer from pododermatitis, the chronic form discussed, known as C-PIF, predominantly affects dogs and not cats. John then asks about breed predispositions, particularly in relation to posture-related issues in Labradors. Ursula elaborates that certain breeds, notably larger and heavier ones like bulldogs, French bulldogs, and pugs, are commonly affected. Labradors and Golden Retrievers also constitute a significant portion of cases. The characteristics such as short, bristly coats and broad, flat paws, may contribute to their susceptibility to the condition. Ursula notes that even without orthopaedic diseases, these breeds' anatomical traits appear to play a role in the development of pododermatitis. (12:20) Sue reflects on a study involving bulldogs walking on pressure plates, noting that those without interdigital lesions tended to walk more upright. She emphasises that dogs with flatter feet and heavier builds are more prone to issues due to their posture, suggesting a correlation between anatomical features and pododermatitis. She further discusses how these factors influence investigation and treatment approaches. Ursula agrees, highlighting the significant role of allergies alongside orthopaedic diseases in pododermatitis cases. She notes the complexity in distinguishing between underlying orthopaedic conditions and inherent anatomical predispositions in certain breeds. Ursula shares a case involving a dog initially treated for allergies, later developing orthopaedic issues that exacerbated pododermatitis, illustrating the interplay between these factors. (14:47) Sue outlines the investigative process, starting with a comprehensive history and dermatological examination, incorporating orthopaedic evaluations based on findings. Ursula explains her approach, emphasising the importan
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CHAPTER 1 – Rosanna’s 2 Pennies Worth This month, Sue, John and Paul welcome Rosanna Marsella to the platform - Diplomate of the American College of Veterinary Dermatology and Professor at the University of Florida. 03:57 – John invites Rosanna to introduce herself. Thirty years as a veterinary dermatologist at the University of Florida, teaching, researching and treating small-animal allergy alongside some large-animal work; Florida's climate means plenty of infections. 04:42 – John asks how she'd categorise pyoderma. Rosanna explains it's classified by depth: surface pyoderma (often the "hot spot"), superficial pyoderma (essentially bacterial folliculitis), and deep pyoderma, where infection breaches the follicle wall into the dermis (furunculosis). 05:35 – Sue asks how dysbiosis differs from surface pyoderma. Allergic dogs already have reduced microbiome diversity, which shifts sharply toward Staphylococcus during a flare; dysbiosis is that pre-pustular shift, while surface pyoderma is the acute inflammatory skin-barrier damage that follows. 07:45 – Sue asks what AMD looks like clinically. Rosanna describes the classic picture: thick-coated dogs developing intensely pruritic, erosive lesions almost overnight on the face, rump or hips, driven by an acute trigger plus moisture trapped against the skin. 09:01 – John asks how important it is to find the trigger rather than just treat the lesion. Miss it, Rosanna says, and the dog either won't fully respond or will relapse. 09:54 – John runs through the usual suspects - fleas, allergic skin disease, ear disease, trapped moisture, pain, boredom. Rosanna splits these into predisposing factors (thick coat, heat, humidity, swimming) and primary triggers, ranking fleas top: an oral flea product still needs the flea to bite before it works, so a flea-allergic dog may also need a repellent. 13:37 – Sue asks whether lesion distribution helps distinguish flea-driven AMD from other allergies. Rosanna's rule of thumb: the back half of the body is fleas until proven otherwise; facial lesions warrant a work-up for pollen allergy or Malassezia otitis, both intensely itchy in their own right. 17:07 – John asks Sue whether "fleas first" holds in the UK climate too. Sue agrees fleas should be ruled out in every case, even with fast-acting isoxazoline parasiticides on board. CHAPTER 2 – More Than Skin Deep
In this month's episode, Sue, John and Paul welcome Professor & Chief of Service (Dermatology) at UC Davis, Stephen D White to the podcast. Chapter 1: Sheep Skin Detectives (03:09) Sue sets the scope: primary-care perspective rather than rare autoimmune disease. Stephen confirms autoimmune skin disease is vanishingly rare in sheep (pemphigus foliaceus essentially unreported, bar one Barbary sheep case in a zoo). (06:10) Sue asks whether clinical distribution helps localise the cause in a pruritic sheep the way it does in a dog or cat. Stephen explains it's less reliable — thick wool can mask hair loss even with significant pruritus, though rubbing behaviour is usually evident. Lice are visible with a hand lens; mites are not. (08:07) Question on empirical response to treatment. Stephen notes lice usually respond well to licensed ectoparasiticides (mainly avermectins); isoxazolines are unlicensed in ruminants and unreported in sheep specifically (though used in camelids, and anecdotally a bighorn sheep). Repeat treatment at 2–4 weeks is usually needed to catch hatching eggs. Chapter 2: Suspect Number 1 - Ectoparasites (11:30) John asks for top differentials in a pruritic sheep, Stephen answers: “ectoparasites, ectoparasites, and ectoparasites” — mites, lice and sheep keds (which are insects, not mites). He stresses checking in-contact sheep, since one animal may be subclinical while another is severely affected. (13:49) Sue asks why would a referral centre see an ectoparasite case at all? Stephen: usually a failed or incomplete owner-applied treatment, or a backyard sheep simply not monitored closely enough for early signs. (15:29) On technique: always scrape if pruritic, using a medical-grade spatula rather than a blade (sheep are skittish; a slip with a blade causes injury). An otoscope with the cone removed doubles as a magnifier and light source. Dermatophytosis should also be considered — often presenting as facial alopecia rather than fleece loss — and can coexist with ectoparasitism. (15:09) John ask about photosensitisation. Stephen distinguishes hepatogenous causes (impaired phylloerythrin metabolism from hepatotoxic plants, or a genetic defect in Corriedale lambs) from primary photodynamic plant ingestion (e.g. St John's Wort). Lesions favour the head and distal limbs. Flock-wide cases point to an environmental cause (send hay/pasture samples to the local extension lab); idiosyncratic reactions (as seen with clover in horses) may occur but are poorly documented in ruminants. Chapter 3: Dermatological Movie Stars (26:48) John introduces orf, referencing its cameo in Sheep Detectives. Stephen describes it as a parapoxvirus infection, usually self-limiting, but causing anorexia through oral pain — a problem in production settings. A non-resolving “super orf” form causes severe weight loss. Stephen shares data from the retrospective study: of ten orf-affected sheep, five were euthanised, due to generalised cutaneous lesions or concurrent Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis abscesses — evidence that orf can significantly compromise immune function. One case of orf-associated facial alopecia resolved fully once the virus cleared. (31:07) On zoonotic risk and management: gloves are essential when handling any crusting lesion in sheep or goats. Management includes moistening hay to ease painful feeding, antibiotics for secondary bacterial infection, and parenteral treatment or stomach tubing in severe anorexia. (33:17) Sue asks about bacterial skin disease. Stephen identifies C. pseudotuberculosis and staphylococcal abscesses as the main presentations — often large, anywhere on the body, commonly peri udder in females. Internal abscessation (lungs, liver) is a key concern; aspirated purulent masses warrant involving a large-animal colleague, with caution against environmental contamination during drainage. Dermatophilosis is discussed as globally widespread and rain-associated, presenting dorsally, or interdigi
In this episode of Skinflints, we are joined by veterinary dermatologist Dr Stephen Shaw to discuss the role of JAK inhibitors in managing canine atopic dermatitis. Stephen explains the underlying disease process, highlighting the key cytokines involved in itch and inflammation, and how JAK inhibitors provide rapid, broad-spectrum control by blocking these signalling pathways. The discussion explores how treatment should be tailored to each individual dog, considering disease severity, secondary infections and long-term management goals. Stephen also explains the benefits of using JAK inhibitors during food trials, their role alongside other therapies, and practical considerations such as monitoring, vaccination and managing concurrent disease. The episode concludes by emphasising the importance of evidence-based treatment, informed owner discussions and regular clinical assessment, reinforcing that successful management relies on selecting the right therapy for each patient rather than adopting a one-size-fits-all approach. This episode is kindly sponsored by MSD Animal Health
(00:00:00) John introduces a new episode on Feline Orofacial Pain Syndrome (FOPS) — a baffling condition where cats can flip from calm to frantic self-injury around the mouth and face in seconds.