Show Notes
Can transcendence still make philosophical sense after modernity? John Vervaeke speaks with philosopher William Desmond about Platonism as a living tradition, the meaning of strong transcendence, and Desmond's philosophy of the metaxu: the between. The conversation builds from John's proposal that relevance realization and transjectivity are philosophically grounded in Desmond's ontological account of the between. John begins by distinguishing modern psychological accounts of transcendence from the ancient and Platonic sense of strong transcendence. In this stronger sense, transcendence is not merely a better state of mind. It discloses truths that are otherwise unavailable and changes the knower's relation to reality. That claim challenges modern assumptions about flat ontology, the buffered self, representational cognition, and the fact-value split. Desmond responds through Plato. He presents Plato not as a dry theorist of two worlds, but as a philosophical artist of the between: a thinker of mimesis, eros, mania, dialogue, singularity, and participatory transformation. Plato's dialogues are not ornamental containers for arguments; their drama, characters, and dialogical movement are part of the philosophy itself. The later conversation opens into deep memory, imagination, eternity, possibility, God, Daoism, intercultural philosophy, pilgrimage, and the life-world. Desmond and Vervaeke converge on the need to move beyond the view from nowhere and return philosophy to transformative practice, embodied dwelling, and a richer contact with the sources of intelligibility. Key Insights Strong transcendence has epistemological and ontological significance, not only psychological benefit. The metaxu, or between, names a porous relation before, beneath, between, and beyond modern dichotomies. Modernity's fact-value split risks producing default atheism or default nihilism. Participatory knowing offers an alternative to treating cognition as internal representation of an external world. Plato's dialogical form is integral to his philosophy; the drama cannot simply be stripped away to extract arguments. Mimesis involves relation between image and original without collapsing their difference. Eros and mania point to two directions of transcendence: from below upward and from above downward. Deep memory is a source of imagination and ontological depth, not merely storage of past facts. Possibility should not be reduced to logical possibility; living possibility points toward enabling power. Pilgrimage and theoria are linked: philosophical transformation requires being on the way, not merely observing from nowhere. Timestamps 00:00 Welcome and setup 01:00 Relevance realization and the philosophy of the between 02:00 Platonism as living tradition 02:40 The need for strong transcendence 03:50 Transcendence after modernity 04:40 William Desmond introduces his work 05:00 Between system and poetics 06:00 The Western tradition as conversation partner 08:00 John's paper on strong transcendence 09:20 Psychological transcendence in modern thought 10:00 Truths disclosed through transcendence 11:00 Flat ontology and layered reality 12:30 The buffered self 14:00 Fact-value dichotomy and default atheism 15:10 Contact epistemology and participatory relation 17:20 Being realized as you realize 18:20 Anagoge and the cave 18:40 Interior, exterior, and superior transcendence 20:10 Autonomy, heteronomy, theonomy, and theosis 21:30 Desmond responds 22:00 Plato's philosophical art and the Sophist 22:30 Art, origins, and otherness 23:40 Originality, creativity, and modern art 25:20 Mimesis and the difference between image and original 28:20 Plato as thinker of the metaxu 29:00 Eros and self-transcendence 30:00 Mania and divine inspiration 31:30 Inspiration as transmission 33:20 Metaxology and Hegel 34:40 The Sophist and participatory knowing 36:40 The who of the sophist 38:10 Periagoge and the turning of the soul
More from Dr. John Vervaeke
What if becoming wiser requires a relationship with a "divine double" within you? In episode three of the series, John and Harvard's Charles Stang move on from Plato, Xenophon, and Aristophanes to Apuleius' 2nd-century text On the God of Socrates, which imagines philosophy as a kind of daimonology that begins and ends with two daimons: the daimon that is your soul and the daimon that is your double. Apuleius presents daimons as intermediaries between dispassionate gods and passionate humans, translating the gods' care into the language of emotion, and then complicates his own taxonomy: human souls are themselves daimons, the air is populated by the formerly embodied dead, and some daimons were never embodied at all and attach themselves to our souls as guides. Along the way, John and Charles compare daimons with biblical angels and connect the daimonic to internal family systems, grief-time encounters with the dead, dialogical rationality, the future self, and intuition as non-conscious pattern detection that needs dialectic as a check. John speaks openly about a waking vision and a dream of Hermes, before Charles previews Porphyry's story of an Egyptian priest summoning Plotinus' daimon at the temple of Isis in Rome. Charles Stang is Professor of Early Christian Thought at Harvard Divinity School, Director of the Center for the Study of World Religions at Harvard, and the author of Our Divine Double. In this episode, he guides John through Apuleius' On the God of Socrates and its vision of philosophy as knowing your own daimonic soul and cultivating a relationship with its divine double. John Vervaeke is a cognitive scientist and philosopher whose work explores cognition, meaning, wisdom, and the meaning crisis. In this conversation, he brings 4E cognitive science, the dialogical self, and research on intuition to bear on Apuleius' account, and shares his own encounters with Hermes. Study the daimon with Charles: Daemons in Divinity on The Lectern Charles Stang's Web On the God of Socrates - Apuleius Our Divine Double - Charles M. Stang Symposium - Plato Divination and Human Nature - Peter T. Struck Divination and Theurgy in Neoplatonism - Crystal Addey On the Life of Plotinus - Porphyry The Vervaeke Foundation is committed to advancing the scientific pursuit of wisdom and creating a significant impact on the world. Become a part of our mission. Join Awaken to Meaning to explore practices that enhance your virtues and foster deeper connections with reality and relationships. Follow John Vervaeke: Website | Twitter | YouTube | Patreon Thank you for listening!
What was Socrates actually hearing when his daimon spoke, and why might the space in-between, neither purely inside us nor fully outside us, be the key to discerning spirits today? In part two of the Lectern series on the daimon, Charles Stang and John Vervaeke move from Plato to Socrates' other witnesses, Xenophon and Aristophanes. Charles shows that the indictment against Socrates charged him with not worshipping the gods of the state (theoi) and with bringing in novel divinities (daimonia), and that Xenophon defends him by presenting his daimonion as ordinary divination. John responds from cognitive science, describing a continuum of felt presence experiences, and warns against two opposite biases: treating every such entity as demonic, or trusting every one as a benevolent guide. Drawing on his own ongoing dialogues with Hermes, he argues that discernment of spirits is a learnable skill, more like a martial art than a set of propositions. The discussion then turns to Aristophanes' The Clouds, where Socrates is satirised hanging in a basket among divinities of the air, and on to breath, Tai Chi, and enacted metaphor. From suspension they arrive at betweenness: Diotima's description of Eros as a daimon, the philosopher as metaxu, and finite transcendence, before closing on how the meaning crisis has left us without ways to discern spirits, setting up the next conversation on Apuleius. Charles Stang is Professor of Early Christian Thought at Harvard Divinity School and Director of the Center for the Study of World Religions at Harvard. In this episode, he examines Socrates' daimon through the witness of Xenophon and Aristophanes, and the ancient association of daimons with air and with the space between humans and gods. John Vervaeke is a cognitive scientist and philosopher whose work explores cognition, meaning, wisdom, and the meaning crisis. In this conversation, he brings cognitive science, embodied practice, and his ongoing dialogues with Hermes to bear on the daimon, felt presence, and the discernment of spirits. Study the daimon with Charles: Daemons in Divinity on The Lectern Charles Stang's Web Memorabilia - Xenophon The Clouds - Aristophanes Symposium - Plato Apology - Plato Presence - Ben Alderson-Day Being and the Between - William Desmond 00:00 Cold open: entity encounters 01:50 Welcome back, Charles Stang 03:00 Recap: Plato's Socrates daimon 04:30 Xenophon's Memorabilia 05:20 The indictment: theoi vs. daimonia 08:10 Divination and divine signs 09:40 Xenophon's two novelties 11:20 Psychology of felt presence 16:40 Beyond binary ontology 19:50 Impiety and corrupting youth 21:20 Hermes and bipolar bias 28:50 Psychedelic entity encounters 31:00 Discernment as martial art 35:00 Pivot to The Clouds 38:50 Socrates in a basket 42:00 Spiritual alchemy and elements 44:00 Cerebellum and enacted metaphor 48:00 Why air? Breath as bridge 53:20 Suspending judgment and Tai Chi 55:40 Betweenness and Diotima's Eros 57:30 Metaxu and finite transcendence 59:02 "We are not transcendent purely. That is to be a god. We are not merely finite. That is to be an animal." 01:00:50 Meaning crisis, lost discernment 01:03:50 William Desmond and the metaxu 01:06:50 Closing thanks The Vervaeke Foundation is committed to advancing the scientific pursuit of wisdom and creating a significant impact on the world. Become a part of our mission. Join Awaken to Meaning to explore practices that enhance your virtues and foster deeper connections with reality and relationships. Follow John Vervaeke: Website | Twitter | YouTube | Patreon Thank you for listening!
How do you make deep philosophical and transformative work accessible to more people without sacrificing the precision, rigor, and depth that make it meaningful in the first place? John Vervaeke, with Ethan Hsieh and Taylor Barratt, discusses recurring feedback that his work is meaningful but hard to share, and the ethical tension between precision and epistemic responsibility on one side and making ideas broadly shareable on the other. They describe practical steps already taken or planned: clearer scaffolding in Lectern courses, additional instructors, a teaching-assistance program, adapting content into books, new pathways through the large YouTube catalog, and shorter thematic overview videos. They also introduce a 12-module Studio app built around a 5–15 minute daily practice habit, with an AI "coach" designed with ethical constraints, to translate key ideas (the four Ps, relevance realization, DIME) into accessible practice. Finally, they outline a tiered practice ecosystem of intensives, retreats, and the Reframe Festival (June 3–6, 2027, Colorado), plus a six-week Awaken to Meaning practice course, and invite good-faith audience feedback. Together, they explore: the challenge of making John Vervaeke's philosophical and scientific work more accessible without sacrificing rigor why accessibility involves more than simply making information easier to understand the tension between precision, epistemic responsibility, and reaching a broader audience why accessibility also includes financial, educational, relational, and structural dimensions how The Lectern can create different entry points for people with different levels of experience the role of the Studio app in helping people build a habit of practice how group practice, watch parties, and supportive relationships make philosophical practice more sustainable how the Four Ps of Knowing, relevance realization, and the DIME framework are introduced through a more accessible structure why a structured approach can help people who struggle with executive functioning the different levels of engagement offered through courses, practice groups, retreats, intensives, and festivals how practice communities can function like a dojo for developing skills 00:00 Why Accessibility Matters 00:30 Welcome and Video Purpose 02:00 Accuracy vs Accessibility Tension 07:00 Taylor on Vulnerability and Reach 10:00 Practice and Relationship Impacts 13:26 "How do we make it accessible such that people who don't have to work an extra job just to be able to pay for a course?" 14:30 Progressive Teaching and Prereqs 20:00 Multiple Mediums and Channel Overload 24:00 New Access Pathways and Shorter Videos 26:00 Introducing the Practice App 28:30 App Modules and Daily Habit Design 32:00 AI Coach Feature and Ethics 34:30 Ethan on Pedagogy and Core Ideas 36:30 Habit Gap After Insight 38:00 App as Training Wheels 39:30 ADHD Friendly Structure 42:00 Tiered Practice Pathways 44:30 Reframe Festival Details 47:00 Retreats Between Intensives 49:30 Hardcore Training Track 54:00 Ecosystem Not Closed 56:30 Feedback and Next Steps 58:00 Six Week Practice Gateway 01:01:30 Final Encouragement and Thanks Resources Find Clarity and Connection in a Noisy World App Teaching Assistance Program (TAP) Reframe Festival from Awaken to Meaning Relational Ecology Program (REP) on Awaken to Meaning Explore courses and teachings from The Lectern Support the Lectern and join a growing community of wisdom seekers on Patreon Follow John Vervaeke: Website | Twitter | YouTube | Patreon Thank you for listening!
What if the problem isn't that religions disagree, but that we invented the idea that you can only belong to one? In this Silk Road Seminar, John Vervaeke sits down with theologian John J. Thatamanil, author of Circling the Elephant: A Comparative Theology of Religious Diversity. Thatamanil traces his path from the ancient Mar Thoma Christian tradition of South India to comparative theology, and makes the case that our modern idea of "religion" is a recent invention, born alongside the secular, entangled with colonialism and racialization, and built to sort people into single, sealed boxes. Together, they explore: Why religion is not a natural kind, and why the village atheist and the fundamentalist mirror each other Tillich, participation, and God as the ground of being rather than a being Religion as comprehensive qualitative orientation: interpretive schemes and therapeutic regimes that "true" our desires Semiotic symbiosis, process perennialism, and horizontal vs. vertical non-dualism Pilgrims, not tourists: how deep practice across traditions renews faith Why capitalism functions as a religion, and where hope lives now John J. Thatamanil is Professor of Theology and World Religions at Union Theological Seminary in New York. His work in comparative theology focuses on Hindu and Buddhist non-dualism and the possibility of a Christian non-dualism. He is the author of Circling the Elephant and The Immanent Divine. Books mentioned: Circling the Elephant (John J. Thatamanil), In Praise of Mixed Religion (Victoria S. Harrison), Without Buddha I Could Not Be a Christian (Paul Knitter), The Invention of Religion in Japan (Jason Ānanda Josephson). 00:00 Welcome to the Silk Road Seminar 01:41 From Mar Thoma Christianity to comparative theology 07:37 Religion and its "Siamese twin," the secular 12:36 Why religion isn't a natural kind 22:24 The village atheist and facile theism 29:07 Tillich, participation, and the ground of being 36:11 Religion as comprehensive qualitative orientation 43:08 Interpretive schemes and therapeutic regimes 47:09 Jesus, the Buddha, and truth as a person 48:37 Dialogos and semiotic symbiosis 56:55 "Multiplicity is life, and singularity is almost always death." 01:00:51 Perennialism vs. process perennialism 01:08:32 Love, knowledge, and the post-truth condition 01:12:40 Q&A: Traditionalism, perennialism, and Eliade 01:19:27 Horizontal and vertical non-dualism 01:25:13 Narrative archetypes and "Protestant Buddhism" 01:32:19 Is capitalism a religion? 01:38:01 What gives you hope? The Vervaeke Foundation is committed to advancing the scientific pursuit of wisdom and creating a significant impact on the world. Become a part of our mission. Join Awaken to Meaning to explore practices that enhance your virtues and foster deeper connections with reality and relationships. Follow John Vervaeke: Website | Twitter | YouTube | Patreon Thank you for listening!
Could the "divine double" be a hidden guide within us, and what happens when we begin to recognize it? Harvard Divinity School professor Charles Stang, author of Our Divine Double, joins Ethan to introduce his Lectern course Daemons in Divinity and the ancient Greek idea of the daimon. Stang traces Socrates' daimonion, the guiding sign that shaped his life, through Plato and later thinkers who saw daimons as intermediaries or as a person's highest faculty, which makes us "gods in waiting." He contrasts loose "higher self" talk with disciplined discernment, and shares uncanny reading experiences as encounters with a divine double. Enroll in Daemons in Divinity: https://lectern.johnvervaeke.com/courses/daemons-in-divinity Together, they explore: the daimon and Socrates' inner sign