A Chat with "Space with Sarah"

Hey Cool Worlders! Here's part 2 of the mini series "How Many Planets in the Universe?" where we now estimate the total number of worlds in the cosmos. If you haven't seen part 1, link is just below!::More about this Video::► Check out part 1 of this video series, "How Many Planets in the Universe? | Part 1: Our Galaxy": https://youtu.be/QQbp91m16Fw► Size of the Universe reference, Vardanyan et al. (2011), “Applications of Bayesian model averaging to the curvature and size of the Universe”: https://arxiv.org/abs/1101.5476v2► Number of galaxies in the observable Universe reference, Conselice et al. (2016), “The Evolution of Galaxy Number Density at z less than 8 and its Implications”: https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.03909v2► Simon Driver speaking at the IAU XXVth General Assembly, Sydney, Australia 2003. I can’t find a paper but the press release is reported at http://www.cnn.com/2003/TECH/space/07/22/stars.survey/ and http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/3085885.stm► Background music by Thomas Bergersen "Final Frontier": http://www.thomasbergersen.com ::Playlists For Channel::Latest Cool Worlds Videos ► http://bit.ly/NewCoolWorldsCool Worlds Research ► http://bit.ly/CoolWorldsResearchGuest Videos ► http://bit.ly/CoolWorldsGuestsQ&A Videos ► http://bit.ly/CoolWorldsQAScience of TV/Film ► http://bit.ly/ScienceMovies::Follow us::SUBSCRIBE to the channel http://bit.ly/CoolWorldsSubscribeCool Worlds Lab http://coolworlds.astro.columbia.eduTwitter https://twitter.com/david_kippingInstagram https://www.instagram.com/cool.worldsTHANKS FOR WATCHING!! Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The Sun is dying. A slow death, to be sure, but slowly it creeps towards its end, gradually increasing in luminosity - an effect that will push Earth out of the habitable zone in about a billion years. Can we somehow stop this from happening? Can we save the Earth? Can we save *the Sun*? Join us today as discuss a new research paper from the Cool Worlds Lab at Columbia University, that may help our distant descendants buy themselves billions of years of new life.Written and presented by Prof David Kipping and Matt Scoggins (Columbia). Special thanks to melodysheep for giving us permission to use their awesome starlifting animations from "Life Beyond 3" (https://youtu.be/saWNMPL5ygk)→ Support our research program: https://www.coolworldslab.com/support→ Get Stash here! https://teespring.com/stores/cool-worlds-storeTHANK-YOU to our supporters D. Smith, M. Sloan, C. Bottaccini, D. Daughaday, A. Jones, S. Brownlee, N. Kildal, Z. Star, E. West, T. Zajonc, C. Wolfred, L. Skov, G. Benson, A. De Vaal, M. Elliott, B. Daniluk, M. Forbes, S. Vystoropskyi, S. Lee, Z. Danielson, C. Fitzgerald, C. Souter, M. Gillette, T. Jeffcoat, H. Jensen, J. Rockett, N. Fredrickson, D. Holland, E. Hanway, D. Murphree, S. Hannum, T. Donkin, K. Myers, A. Schoen, K. Dabrowski, J. Black, R. Ramezankhani, J. Armstrong, K. Weber, S. Marks, L. Robinson, F. Van Exter, S. Roulier, B. Smith, P. Masterson, R. Sievers, G. Canterbury, J. Kill, J. Cassese, J. Kruger, S. Way, P. Finch, S. Applegate, L. Watson, T. Wheeler, E. Zahnle, N. Gebben, J. Bergman, E. Dessoi, J. Alexander, C. Macdonald, M. Hedlund, P. Kaup, C. Hays, S. Krasner, W. Evans, D. Bansal, J. Curtin, J. Sturm, RAND Corp., I. Attard, M. Donovan, N. Corwin, M. Mangione, K. Howard, L. Deacon, G. Metts, G. Genova, R. Provost, B. Sigurjonsson, G. Fullwood, T. Mitchum, B. Walford, J. Boyd, J. Quayle, N. De Haan, R. Crayton, W. Borghei, N. Arc, M. Kay, J. Gillmer & R. Williams.::References::► [THIS RESEARCH!] Scoggins, M. & Kipping, D. (2020), Lazarus Stars: Numerical investigations of stellar evolution with star-lifting", submitted to MNRAS: https://arxiv.org/abs/2210.02338► Criswell D. R. (1985), Interstellar Migration and the Human Experience, pp 50–87► Matloff G. L. (2017), Journal of the British Interplanetary Society, 70, 458::More videos::► "Starlifting" by Isaac Arthur: https://youtu.be/pzuHxL5FD5U► "Watching the End of the World" by Cool Worlds: https://youtu.be/p9e8qNNe3L0::Music::Music licensed by SoundStripe.com (SS) [shorturl.at/ptBHI], Artlist.io, via Creative Commons (CC) Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), or with permission from the artist► Sid Acharya - Sky Sailing (0:00)► Joachim Heinrich - Stjärna (1:48)► Joachim Heinrich - Y (3:29)► Sid Acharya - Searching for Answers (5:06)► Kevin MacLeod - Long Note Two (8:13)► Atlas - Waking Up (10:10)► Falls - Life in Binary (13:15)► Sid Acharya - Sky Sailing (16:11)► Joachim Heinrich - Y (19:15)► Indive - Trace Correction (21:21)::Film/TV clips used::► Interstellar (Paramount Pictures) ► Agora (Focus Features International)► Dragonheart (Universal Pictures)► Immortals (Relativity Media)► Johnny Cash - Hurt (American Recording Studios) ► Noah (Paramount Pictures)► The Planets (BBC)► Sunshine (Fox Searchlight Pictures) ► Ad Astra (20th Century Fox)► The Imitation Game (The Weinstein Company)► Elysium (Sony Pictures Releasing)► Avengers: Infinity War (Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures)► Lucy (Universal Pictures)► Avengers: Endgame (Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures)► Event Horizon (Paramount Pictures)► Rubikon (Graf Film)► The Expanse (Amazon)► Don't Look Up (Netflix)► Austin Powers: The Spy Who Shagged Me (New Line Cinema)► The Day After Tomorrow (20th Century Fox) ► Dragon's Den (BBC)► How The Universe Works (Science Channel)► Man of Steel (Warner Bros. Pictures) Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Dr Guillem Anglada and the Pale Red Dot project team announced today the discovery of a planet orbiting our nearest star, Proxima Centauri! Prof Kipping provides an update on the search as to whether "Proxima b" also is seen to transit its star our the Cool Worlds Lab MOST data + a discussion of habitability and how to reach this planet!::More about this Video::► MOST telescope homepage: http://most.astro.ubc.ca► Outro music by Taylor Davis: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dl9kI1yQKZk::Playlists For Channel::Latest Cool Worlds Videos ► http://bit.ly/NewCoolWorldsCool Worlds Research ► http://bit.ly/CoolWorldsResearchGuest Videos ► http://bit.ly/CoolWorldsGuestsQ&A Videos ► http://bit.ly/CoolWorldsQAScience of TV/Film ► http://bit.ly/ScienceMovies::Follow us::SUBSCRIBE to the channel http://bit.ly/CoolWorldsSubscribeCool Worlds Lab http://coolworlds.astro.columbia.eduTwitter https://twitter.com/david_kippingInstagram https://www.instagram.com/cool.worldsTHANKS FOR WATCHING!! Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Use code coolworlds at https://incogni.com/coolworlds to get an exclusive 60% off. Many of you wanted me to talk about the Dark Forest Hypothesis - an idea popularised (bit not limited to) the the sci-fi novel and Netflix series, "The Three Body Problem" by Liu Cixin. So in this video I'll explain what dark forest says and why I don't buy it. (Note - this is *not* an analysis of Cixin’s story beats set in his fictional universe, but rather the concept of dark forest in our real one! Although, I will refer to the aliens as Trisolarans purely as a placeholder example civilization).Written & presented by Prof. David Kipping.→ Support our research: https://www.coolworldslab.com/support→ Get merch: https://teespring.com/stores/cool-worlds-store→ Check out our podcast: www.youtube.com/@CoolWorldsPodcastTHANK-YOU to T. Widdowson, D. Smith, L. Sanborn, C. Bottaccini, D. Daughaday, S. Brownlee, E. West, T. Zajonc, A. De Vaal, M. Elliott, B. Daniluk, S. Vystoropskyi, S. Lee, Z. Danielson, C. Fitzgerald, C. Souter, M. Gillette, T. Jeffcoat, J. Rockett, D. Murphree, M. Sanford, T. Donkin, A. Schoen, K. Dabrowski, R. Ramezankhani, J. Armstrong, S. Marks, B. Smith, J. Kruger, S. Applegate, E. Zahnle, N. Gebben, J. Bergman, C. Macdonald, M. Hedlund, P. Kaup, W. Evans, N. Corwin, K. Howard, L. Deacon, G. Metts, R. Provost, G. Fullwood, N. De Haan, R. Williams, E. Garland, R. Lovely, A. Cornejo, D. Compos, F. Demopoulos, G. Bylinsky, J. Werner, S. Thayer, T. Edris, F. Blood, M. O'Brien, D. Lee, J. Sargent, M. Czirr, F. Krotzer, I. Williams, J. Sattler, B. Reese, O. Shabtay, X. Yao, S. Saverys, A. Nimmerjahn, C. Seay, D. Johnson, L. Cunningham, M. Morrow, M. Campbell, B. Devermont, Y. Muheim, A. Stark, C. Caminero, P. Borisoff, A. Donovan, H. Schiff, J. Cos, J. Oliver, B. Kite, C. Hansen, J. Shamp, R. Chaffee, A. Ortiz, B. McMillan, B. Cartmell, J. Bryant, J. Obioma, M. Zeiler, S. Murray, S. Patterson, C. Kennedy, G. Le Saint, W. Ruf, A. Kochkov, B. Langley, D. Ohman, P. Stevenson, T. Ford, T. Tarrants, A. Laroye, I. Venzor, R. Raszka, B. Gaalen, A. Taylor, D. Wedgewood, J. Alley, D. Aron, G. Thomsen, S. Shardool, B. Kingston, A. Phan Le, N. Voyton, N. Offor, A. Huch, J. Morrison & C. Fitzsimmons.REFERENCES► Project Nash 2020, "https://www.projectnash.com/aliens-the-fermi-paradox-and-the-dark-forest-theory/" https://www.projectnash.com/aliens-the-fermi-paradox-and-the-dark-forest-theory/► Siraj & Loeb 2021, "The Copernican Principle Rules Out BLC1 as a Technological Radio Signal from the Alpha Centauri System": https://arxiv.org/abs/2101.04118► Carroll-Nellenback et al. 2012, "The Fermi Paradox and the Aurora Effect: Exo-civilization Settlement, Expansion and Steady States", The Astronomical Journal, 158, 117: https://arxiv.org/abs/1902.04450► Hart 1975, "Explanation for the Absence of Extraterrestrials on Earth", Quarterly Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 16, 128MUSICLicensed by SoundStripe.com (SS) [shorturl.at/ptBHI], Artlist.io, via CC Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) or with permission from the artist.0:00 Hill - A Slowly Lifting Fog2:24 Kyle Preston - Dark Tension5:51 Kyle Preston - Up the Oregon Coast9:41 Hill - The Planet of Lost Souls12:28 Falls - Ripley16:10 Chris Zabriskie - Cylinder Seven20:24 Joachim Heinrich - Y22:44 Indive - Trace CorrectionCHAPTERS0:00 Dark Forest4:20 Incogni5:51 Game Theory9:13 Game Theory Nuance15:01 Berserker is Better20:32 Closing Thoughts22:44 Outro & Credits#DarkForest #ThreeBodyProblem #CoolWorlds Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Thanks to Incogni for sponsoring us. Use the code coolworlds at https://incogni.com/coolworlds to get an exclusive 60% off an annual Incogni plan.Today we explore what could be considered a classic problem in exoplanetary science, yet one which has eluded astronomers for decades. Transit timing variations (TTVs) are seen in thousands in systems, literally wobbling worlds. Yet for the vast majority of cases, we have no solution for the culprit. Today, we present new research from our team that finds analytic expressions for the allowed solution space and reveals the startling existence of an "exoplanet edge".Written & presented by Prof. David Kipping & Daniel Yahalomi. Edited by Jorge Casas & David Kipping. Thumbnail by Helena Valenzuela Widerstrom.→ Support our research: https://www.coolworldslab.com/support→ Get merch: https://teespring.com/stores/cool-worlds-store→ Check out our podcast: www.youtube.com/@CoolWorldsPodcastTHANK-YOU to T. Widdowson, D. Smith, L. Sanborn, C. Bottaccini, D. Daughaday, S. Brownlee, E. West, T. Zajonc, A. De Vaal, M. Elliott, B. Daniluk, S. Vystoropskyi, S. Lee, Z. Danielson, C. Fitzgerald, C. Souter, M. Gillette, T. Jeffcoat, J. Rockett, D. Murphree, M. Sanford, T. Donkin, A. Schoen, K. Dabrowski, R. Ramezankhani, J. Armstrong, S. Marks, B. Smith, J. Kruger, S. Applegate, E. Zahnle, N. Gebben, J. Bergman, C. Macdonald, M. Hedlund, P. Kaup, W. Evans, N. Corwin, K. Howard, L. Deacon, G. Metts, R. Provost, G. Fullwood, N. De Haan, R. Williams, E. Garland, R. Lovely, A. Cornejo, D. Compos, F. Demopoulos, G. Bylinsky, J. Werner, S. Thayer, T. Edris, F. Blood, M. O'Brien, D. Lee, J. Sargent, M. Czirr, F. Krotzer, I. Williams, J. Sattler, B. Reese, O. Shabtay, X. Yao, S. Saverys, A. Nimmerjahn, C. Seay, D. Johnson, L. Cunningham, M. Morrow, M. Campbell, B. Devermont, Y. Muheim, A. Stark, C. Caminero, P. Borisoff, A. Donovan, H. Schiff, J. Cos, J. Oliver, B. Kite, C. Hansen, J. Shamp, R. Chaffee, A. Ortiz, B. McMillan, B. Cartmell, J. Bryant, J. Obioma, M. Zeiler, S. Murray, S. Patterson, C. Kennedy, G. Le Saint, W. Ruf, A. Kochkov, B. Langley, D. Ohman, P. Stevenson, T. Ford & T. Tarrants.REFERENCES► Yahalomi & Kipping 2024, "The Exoplanet Edge: Planets Don't Induce Observable TTVs Faster than Half their Orbital Period", ApJ submitted: https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.09752► Yahalomi & Kipping 2024, "A Map of the Orbital Landscape for Perturbing Planet Solutions for Single-Planet Systems with TTVs", ApJ submitted: https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.10493► Holman & Murray 2005, "The Use of Transit Timing to Detect Extrasolar Planets with Masses as Small as Earth", Science, 307, 1288: https://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0412028► Kipping 2021, "The Exomoon Corridor: Half of all exomoons exhibit TTV frequencies within a narrow window due to aliasing", MNRAS, 500, 1851: https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.00764► Kipping &Teachey 2020, "Impossible moons -- Transit timing effects that cannot be due to an exomoon", SerAJ, 201, 25: https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.04230MUSICLicensed by SoundStripe.com (SS) [shorturl.at/ptBHI], Artlist.io, via CC Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) or with permission from the artist.0:00 Atlas - Waking Up2:56 Sid Acharya - Searching for Answers5:01 Hill - World of Wonder6:22 Stephen Keech - Selha12:20 Falls - Life in Binary13:40 Hill - The Persecuted16:53 Joachim Heinrich - YCHAPTERS0:00 What are TTVs?5:01 Incogni6:22 The Landscape of TTVs8:41 Tidal Effects12:20 Aliasing14:13 Aliased Conjunctions15:51 Big Picture18:22 Outro & Credits#Exoplanets #Astronomy #CoolWorlds Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices