Summary
The search for exomoons, which are moons orbiting exoplanets, remains ongoing with no confirmed discoveries to date. Despite thousands of exoplanets identified, researchers have only surveyed about 60 of them for potential exomoons, primarily using data from the Kepler telescope. The process of detecting these moons is computationally intensive, often requiring significant processing power from supercomputers.
Current findings suggest that Earth-sized or Earth-mass moons are quite rare, with estimates indicating that less than one in six exoplanets may host such moons. The sensitivity of the Kepler telescope, designed to detect Earth-sized planets, limits its ability to find larger moons, which are more common in the solar system. However, researchers remain optimistic, as they plan to expand their survey to approximately 1,000 exoplanets, which may yield more favorable results in the search for exomoons.
Show Notes
The Cool Worlds Lab is trying to find the first exomoon, a moon around a planet outside the Solar System. But, exomoons have been eluding us for a few years now. So why are they so hard to find and what do we know so far? Get up to date with the latest limits and prospects for detection. You can find the latest paper on constraints on exomoons at ::More about this Video::► Hunt for Exomoons with Kepler (HEK) Project website: www.exomoon.org► HEK Project Twitter feed https://twitter.com/hek_project► Kipping et al. (2012), "The Hunt for Exomoons with Kepler (HEK): I. Description of a New Observational Project": https://arxiv.org/abs/1201.0752► Kipping et al. (2013a), "The Hunt for Exomoons with Kepler (HEK): II. Analysis of Seven Viable Satellite-Hosting Planet Candidates": https://arxiv.org/abs/1301.1853► Kipping et al. (2013b), "The Hunt for Exomoons with Kepler (HEK): III. The First Search for an Exomoon around a Habitable-Zone Planet": https://arxiv.org/abs/1306.1530► Kipping et al. (2014), "The Hunt for Exomoons with Kepler (HEK): IV. A Search for Moons around Eight M-Dwarfs" https://arxiv.org/abs/1401.1210► Kipping et al. (2015), "The Hunt for Exomoons with Kepler (HEK): V. A Survey of 41 Planetary Candidates for Exomoons": https://arxiv.org/abs/1503.05555::Playlists For Channel::Latest Cool Worlds Videos ► http://bit.ly/NewCoolWorldsCool Worlds Research ► http://bit.ly/CoolWorldsResearchGuest Videos ► http://bit.ly/CoolWorldsGuestsQ&A Videos ► http://bit.ly/CoolWorldsQAScience of TV/Film ► http://bit.ly/ScienceMovies::Follow us::SUBSCRIBE to the channel http://bit.ly/CoolWorldsSubscribeCool Worlds Lab http://coolworlds.astro.columbia.eduTwitter https://twitter.com/david_kippingInstagram https://www.instagram.com/cool.worldsTHANKS FOR WATCHING!! Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
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SpaceX's Starship rocket is nearing first orbital tests. This Super Heavy launch vehicle promises to lift enormous masses into space, and do so at far cheaper costs than the competitors. What could these capabilities do for astronomy though? Join us today as we explore the potential transformative power of Starship for astronomy.Written & presented by Prof David Kipping.→ Support our research program: https://www.coolworldslab.com/support→ Get merch here! https://teespring.com/stores/cool-worlds-storeTHANK-YOU to our supporters D. Smith, M. Sloan, C. Bottaccini, D. Daughaday, A. Jones, S. Brownlee, N. Kildal, Z. Star, E. West, T. Zajonc, C. Wolfred, L. Skov, G. Benson, A. De Vaal, M. Elliott, B. Daniluk, M. Forbes, S. Vystoropskyi, S. Lee, Z. Danielson, C. Fitzgerald, C. Souter, M. Gillette, T. Jeffcoat, H. Jensen, J. Rockett, N. Fredrickson, D. Holland, E. Hanway, D. Murphree, S. Hannum, T. Donkin, K. Myers, A. Schoen, K. Dabrowski, J. Black, R. Ramezankhani, J. Armstrong, K. Weber, S. Marks, L. Robinson, F. Van Exter, S. Roulier, B. Smith, P. Masterson, R. Sievers, G. Canterbury, J. Kill, J. Cassese, J. Kruger, S. Way, P. Finch, S. Applegate, L. Watson, T. Wheeler, E. Zahnle, N. Gebben, J. Bergman, E. Dessoi, J. Alexander, C. Macdonald, M. Hedlund, P. Kaup, C. Hays, S. Krasner, W. Evans, D. Bansal, J. Curtin, J. Sturm, RAND Corp., I. Attard, M. Donovan, N. Corwin & M. Mangione.::References::► House Science, Space, and Technology Committee video: https://science.house.gov/hearings/keeping-our-sights-on-mars-part-3-a-status-update-and-review-of-nasas-artemis-initiative► Starship Update by SpaceX: https://youtu.be/3N7L8Xhkzqo::Music::Music licensed by SoundStripe.com (SS) [shorturl.at/ptBHI], or via Creative Commons (CC) Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), or with permission from the artist► Hill - There is But One Good [https://open.spotify.com/album/4pmiXcyRpPlFjWjb45pYLx]► Hill - Arc [https://open.spotify.com/album/4pmiXcyRpPlFjWjb45pYLx]► Chris Zabriskie - Cylinder 2► Falls - Life in Binary► Chris Zabriskie - The Sun is Scheduled to Come Out Tomorrow► Atlas - Waking Up::Film/TV clips used::► Interstellar (2014) Paramount Pictures::Chapters::00:00 Prologue00:48 Space Telescopes05:10 Starship Background07:38 Bigger is Better10:42 What Makes Starship Different16:32 Astronomy Benefits21:41 Risk22:46 Outro and Credits#SpaceX #Starship #CoolWorlds Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
Go to our sponsor https://betterhelp.com/coolworlds for 10% off your first month of therapy with BetterHelp and get matched with a therapist who will listen and help.Direct Air Capture (DAC) has been getting more and more attention over the last few years. Could we avert climate change by pulling carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere? Could we not just stop, but actually *reverse* the damage done? Unfortunately, most don't fully appreciate just quite how much CO2 we've emitted and the outrageous scale of the problem facing us. Today, we apply the fundamental principles of thermodynamics to question whether this is even feasible.Written & presented by Prof. David Kipping. Edited by Jorge Casas. Fact checking by Alexandra Masegian.→ Support our research: https://www.coolworldslab.com/support→ Get merch: https://teespring.com/stores/cool-worlds-store→ Check out our podcast: www.youtube.com/@CoolWorldsPodcastTHANK-YOU to D. Smith, M. Sloan, L. Sanborn, C. Bottaccini, D. Daughaday, A. Jones, S. Brownlee, N. Kildal, Z. Star, E. West, T. Zajonc, C. Wolfred, L. Skov, G. Benson, A. De Vaal, M. Elliott, B. Daniluk, M. Forbes, S. Vystoropskyi, S. Lee, Z. Danielson, C. Fitzgerald, C. Souter, M. Gillette, T. Jeffcoat, J. Rockett, D. Murphree, T. Donkin, K. Myers, A. Schoen, K. Dabrowski, J. Black, R. Ramezankhani, J. Armstrong, K. Weber, S. Marks, L. Robinson, S. Roulier, B. Smith, J. Cassese, J. Kruger, S. Way, P. Finch, S. Applegate, L. Watson, E. Zahnle, N. Gebben, J. Bergman, E. Dessoi, C. Macdonald, M. Hedlund, P. Kaup, C. Hays, W. Evans, D. Bansal, J. Curtin, J. Sturm, RAND Corp., M. Donovan, N. Corwin, M. Mangione, K. Howard, L. Deacon, G. Metts, G. Genova, R. Provost, B. Sigurjonsson, G. Fullwood, B. Walford, J. Boyd, N. De Haan, J. Gillmer, R. Williams, E. Garland, A. Leishman, A. Phan Le, R. Lovely, M. Spoto, A. Steele, M. Varenka, K. Yarbrough, A. Cornejo, D. Compos, F. Demopoulos, G. Bylinsky, J. Werner, B. Pearson, S. Thayer, T. Edris, A. Harrison, B. Seeley, F. Blood, M. O'Brien, P. Muzyka, E. Loomans, D. Lee, J. Sargent, M. Czirr, F. Krotzer, I. Williams, J. Sattler, & J. Smallbon.REFERENCES► House, K. Z. et al. 2011, "Economic and energetic analysis of capturing CO2 from ambient air", Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 108(51), 20428-33: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22143760/► Lackner, K. S. 2013, "The thermodynamics of direct air capture of carbon dioxide", Energy, 50, 38: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544212006901► Long-Innes, R. & Struchtrup, H. 2022, "Thermodynamic loss analysis of a liquid- sorbent direct air carbon capture plant", Cell Reports Physical Science, 3, 100791: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666386422000583► Ozkan, M. et al., 2022, "Current status and pillars of direct air capture technologies", iScience, 25, 103990: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589004222002607► Sanz-Perez E. S. et al., 2016, "Direct Capture of CO2 from Ambient Air", Chem. Rev., 116, 11840: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00173MUSICLicensed by SoundStripe.com (SS) [shorturl.at/ptBHI], Artlist.io, via CC Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) or with permission from the artist.► Hill - A Slowly Lifting Fog [0:00]► Falls - Life in Binary [3:24] ► Hill - Northern Boards [8:03]► Hill - To Quiet the Drumming Inside My Head [11:13]► Hill - Chasing out the Chaos [15:29]► Chris Zabriskie - Cylinder Seven [19:23] ► Joachim Heinrich - Y [22:53]CHAPTERS0:00 Climate Change2:44 Removal Requirements3:38 Possible Solutions5:03 Introducing DAC5:43 Climate Anxiety7:12 DAC Principles8:14 Scalability9:29 Thermodynamics12:08 Progressive DAC13:32 RCPs15:09 Simulations17:03 Energy Requirements19:34 Efficiency21:21 Conclusions24:35 Outro and credits#DirectAirCapture #ClimateChange #NetZero Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
Get a 7-day free trial and 25% off Blinkist Annual Premium by clicking here: https://www.blinkist.com/coolworldslabA faster-than-light (FTL) warp drive would arguably represent the most important invention of all time. In 1994, Miguel Alcubierre gave all of us hope as he found a solution within general relativity that would cause the necessary warping of space. But after nearly 30 years of further study, what does our current understanding of physics say about the feasibility of a warp drive?Written & presented by Prof. David Kipping. Thanks to Bobrick Martire for clarifications and to John Michael Godier and team for audio from their interview with Alcubierre (https://youtu.be/JafY92PhgKU). Thumbnail image by Zamanday Yolculugunu (www.zamandayolculuk.com)→ Support our research: https://www.coolworldslab.com/support→ Get merch: https://teespring.com/stores/cool-worlds-store→ Check out our podcast: www.youtube.com/@CoolWorldsPodcastTHANK-YOU to D. Smith, M. Sloan, L. Sanborn, C. Bottaccini, D. Daughaday, A. Jones, S. Brownlee, N. Kildal, Z. Star, E. West, T. Zajonc, C. Wolfred, L. Skov, G. Benson, A. De Vaal, M. Elliott, B. Daniluk, M. Forbes, S. Vystoropskyi, S. Lee, Z. Danielson, C. Fitzgerald, C. Souter, M. Gillette, T. Jeffcoat, J. Rockett, D. Murphree, T. Donkin, K. Myers, A. Schoen, K. Dabrowski, J. Black, R. Ramezankhani, J. Armstrong, K. Weber, S. Marks, L. Robinson, S. Roulier, B. Smith, J. Cassese, J. Kruger, S. Way, P. Finch, S. Applegate, L. Watson, E. Zahnle, N. Gebben, J. Bergman, E. Dessoi, C. Macdonald, M. Hedlund, P. Kaup, C. Hays, W. Evans, D. Bansal, J. Curtin, J. Sturm, RAND Corp., M. Donovan, N. Corwin, M. Mangione, K. Howard, L. Deacon, G. Metts, G. Genova, R. Provost, B. Sigurjonsson, G. Fullwood, B. Walford, J. Boyd, N. De Haan, J. Gillmer, R. Williams, E. Garland, A. Leishman, A. Phan Le, R. Lovely, M. Spoto, A. Steele, M. Varenka, K. Yarbrough, A. Cornejo, D. Compos, F. Demopoulos, G. Bylinsky, J. Werner, B. Pearson, S. Thayer, T. Edris, A. Harrison, B. Seeley, F. Blood, M. O'Brien, P. Muzyka, E. Loomans, D. Lee, J. Sargent, M. Czirr, F. Krotzer, I. Williams & J. Sattler.REFERENCES► Alcubierre 1994, Class. Quant. Grav. 11, L73 https://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/0009013► Everett 1996, Phys. Rev. D 53, 7365 https://journals.aps.org/prd/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevD.53.7365► Krasnikov 1998, Phys. Rev. D 57, 4760 https://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/9511068► Pfenning & Ford 1998, Phys. Rev. D 57, 3489 https://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/9710055► Van Den Broeck 1999, Class. Quant. Grav. 16, 3973 https://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/9905084► Bobrick & Martire 2021, Class. Quant. Grav. 38, 22 https://arxiv.org/abs/2102.06824► Fell & Heisenberg 2021, Class. Quant. Grav. 38, 16 https://arxiv.org/abs/2104.06488► Lentz 2021, Class. Quant. Grav. 38, 14 https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1361-6382/abe692► Santiago et al. 2022, Phys. Rev. D 105, 064038 https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.03079► McMonigal et al. 2012, Phys. Rev. D 85, 064024 https://arxiv.org/abs/1202.5708► Finazzi et al. 2009, Phys. Rev. D 79, 124017 https://arxiv.org/abs/0904.0141► Coule 1998, Class. Quant. Grav. 15, 2523 https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0264-9381/15/8/026► Van Den Broeck 1999, arXiv https://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/9906050► Gast 2021, Scientific American www.scientificamerican.com/article/star-treks-warp-drive-leads-to-new-physics/► Hawking 1992, Phys. Rev. D 46, 603 https://journals.aps.org/prd/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevD.46.603► Alcubierre & Lobo 2017, Wormholes, Warp Drives and Energy Conditions, Fundam. Theor. Phys. 189, 257 https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.05610MUSICLicensed by SoundStripe.com (SS) [shorturl.at/ptBHI], Artlist.io, via CC Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) or with permission from the artist.► 0:00 Sid Acharya - Searching for Answers► 3:18 Falls - Life in Binary► 5:01 Hill - There is but Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
Sponsored by Perplexity! This is truly a game-changer – Perplexity Computer built this insane tool in only one prompt! Check out my tool and build your own today: https://pplx.ai/cool-worlds-youtube-1Today's video explores the most terrifying calculation I've ever done, one that comes with some deeply unsettling implications for the Universe in which we live...Written & presented by David Kipping, edited by Jorge Casas→ Support our research: https://www.coolworldslab.com/support→ Get merch: https://crowdmade.com/collections/cool-worlds→ Check out our podcast: www.youtube.com/@CoolWorldsPodcastTHANK-YOU to S. Shardool, M. Seay, M. McMillan, M. Popovski, M. Singh, M. Elliott, M. Donkin, M. Zajonc, M. Czirr, M. Williams, M. Daughaday, M. Muriuki, M. Cartmell, M. Ford, M. Devermont, M. Hedlund, M. Patterson, M. Murphy, M. Bassnett, M. Lovely, M. Schiff, M. Bylinsky, C. Fitzgerald, M. Danielson, M. Morrow, M. Corwin, M. Schreiner, M. Metts, M. Stevenson, M. Vystoropskyi, M. Brownlee, M. Shamp, M. Sattler, M. Ross-Lee, M. Bueche, M. Fitzsimmons, M. Borisoff, M. Larter, M. Cunningham, M. Williams, M. Alley, M. Adler, M. Murray, L. Deacon, M. Kruger, M. Bryant, M. Lee, P. Johnston, M. Sanford, N. Offor, M. Saint, R. Borbidge, M. Reese, M. Langley, M. Howard, M. Stewart, M. Morrison, M. Kennedy, M. Aron, M. Rockett, M. Kingston, M. Daniluk, M. Schoen, M. Lee, M. Huch, M. Chaffee, M. Simmons, M. Herman, M. Vaal, M. Canning, M. Kochkov, M. Fullwood, G. Belsak, M. Bergman, M. Armstrong, M. Bottaccini, M. Farabee, B. Gaalen, M. Haan, M. Hoffman, E. Garland, M. Everest, M. Venzor, M. Frederick, M. Peraza, W. Ruf, M. Matters, M. Smith, M. Hansen, M. Edris, M. Souter, M. Smith, M. OBrien, M. Provost & M. Nimmerjahn.REFERENCES► Kipping, D. (2026), "The Cosmological Hart-Tipler Conjecture": https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.04044► Hart, M. (1975), "Explanation for the Absence of Extraterrestrials on Earth": https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1975QJRAS..16..128H► Tipler, F. (1980), "Extraterrestrial intelligent beings do not exist": https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1980QJRAS..21..267T► Olson, S. J. (2015), "Homogeneous cosmology with aggressively expanding civilizations": https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015CQGra..32u5025O► Armstrong & Sandberg (2013), "Eternity in six hours: Intergalactic spreading of intelligent life and sharpening the Fermi paradox": https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013AcAau..89....1► Forgan, D. (2019), "Predator-prey behaviour in self-replicating interstellar probes": https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2019IJAsB..18..552F► von Neumann, J. (1966) "Theory of Self-Reproducing Automata": https://cba.mit.edu/events/03.11.ASE/docs/VonNeumann.pdf► Ellery, A. (2022), "Self-replicating probes are imminent ─ implications for SETI": https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2022IJAsB..21..212E► Borgue & Hein (2021), "Near-term self-replicating probes - A concept design": https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2021AcAau.187..546BMUSICLicensed by SoundStripe.com (SS) [shorturl.at/ptBHI], Artlist.io, via CC Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) or with permission from the artist. You can see all of our past music here: https://open.spotify.com/playlist/0Bu2UQlKDb0KaeliLZUOZn► Amnesia OST - Ending Agrippa► Scott Buckley - Dragon’s Lullabye► Chris Zabriskie - Cylinder Four► Hill - It Wasn’t Mine to Begin With► Hill - World of Wonder► Hill - Don’t Think► Chris Zabriskie - Cylinder Two#FermiParadox #Aliens #CoolWorlds Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
The Rare Earth Hypothesis suggests that our planet may the product of an incredibly improbable sequence of events, and thus perhaps intelligent life is extremely rare in the cosmos. Here we tackle this highly influential idea and the arguments behind it. But, digging deeper, we'll uncover some problems with the Rare Earth idea - some of which strike to the very core of our scientific quest.Written & presented by Prof David Kipping→ Support our research program: https://www.coolworldslab.com/support→ Get Stash here! https://teespring.com/stores/cool-worlds-storeTHANK-YOU to our supporters D. Smith, M. Sloan, L. Sanborn, C. Bottaccini, D. Daughaday,A. Jones, S. Brownlee, G. Fulton, N. Kildal, M. Lijoi, Z. Star, E. West, T. Zanjonc, C. Wolfred, F. Rebolledo, L. Skov, E. Wilson, A. de Vaal, M. Elliott, B. Daniluk, M. Forbes, S. Vystoropskyi, S. Lee, Z. Danielson, C. Fitzgerald, V. Alexandrov, L. Macchia, C. Souter, M. Gillette, T. Jeffcoat, H. Jensen, F. Linker, J. Rockett, N. Fredrickson, B. Mlazgar, D. Holland, J. Alexander, E. Hanway, J. Molnar, D. Murphree, S. Hannum, T. Donkin, K. Myers, A. Schoen, K. Dabrowski, J. Black, R. Ramezankhani, J. Armstrong, K. Weber, S. Marks, L. Robinson, F. van Exter, S. Roulier, B. Smith, P. Masterson, R. Sievers, G. Canterbury, J. Kill, J. Cassese, J. Kruger, S. Way, P. Finch, S. Applegate, L. Watson, T. Wheeler, E. Zahnle, N. Gebben, B. Weaver, C. Macdonald, M. Hedlund, P. Kaup, D. Osborn, D. Gustafson, M. Hedlund, N. Laugman, P. Kaup, T. Lindén, T. Brenard & I. Banks.::Music::Music licensed by SoundStripe.com (SS) [shorturl.at/ptBHI], or via Creative Commons (CC) Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), or with permission from the artist► Falls - Ripley► Hill - There Is but One Good [https://open.spotify.com/album/4pmiXcyRpPlFjWjb45pYLx]► Chris Zabriskie - Cylinder Two► Falls - Life In Binary► Hill - Bruised Hope [https://open.spotify.com/album/2oDAnUfX0OYYOnuIToAEcX]► Hill - Looking for the Profound [https://open.spotify.com/album/69IrML6Y4K3Wh1pZr3L4Jb]► Indive - Trace Correction#RareEarth #AreWeAlone #CoolWorlds Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices