Show Notes
Today's guest is Patrick Bowen, CEO of Neurophos.
Patrick's path into chips started at age nine, when a neighbor taught him to build radios from Radio Shack kits and handed him a college EE textbook, which Patrick read cover to cover, homework included. He later double-majored in physics and EE, then did his PhD at Duke under David R. Smith, the physicist who built the first real invisibility cloak out of metamaterials.
As Patrick puts it, "there's no market for cloaks." But the trick behind them, engineering materials smaller than the wavelength of light, became the seed for Neurophos. The company shrinks optical modulators 10,000x smaller than what's on the market, packing a million onto a fingernail-sized chip instead of one the size of a card table. That density powers Neurophos's T100 optical processing unit, which aims for 50x more compute per wafer. Neurophos closed a $110M Series A backed by Microsoft's M12 earlier this year. We're thrilled to have Patrick on the podcast for a conversation about the physics case for optical over digital compute, why he's targeting the prefill half of inference over decode, and what it will take to make photonics real at data center scale.
Patrick: https://www.linkedin.com/in/ptbowen/
The Compute 100 is led by Brian Schechter and Gaby Lorenzi, compute-focused investors at Primary. Primary is a pre-seed and seed-stage venture firm that backs founders building across markets including compute, industrials, healthcare and vertical AI. With $1.6B AUM and a 60+ person operating team, Primary delivers unparalleled support to teams across recruiting, finance, GTM, and brand. Primary's compute portfolio includes Etched, The Biological Computing Company, Haiqu, and Atero (acquired by Crusoe).
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Today's guests are Alex Ksendzovsky and Jon Pomeraniec, co-founders of The Biological Computing Company (TBC). Check out the demo here! www.tbc.co/demo Alex and John are both neurosurgeon-neuroscientists who met about fifteen years ago and have done nearly everything together since. Alex is the godfather to John's two kids and signed his wedding documents, in Russian. The idea for TBC traces back to Alex's time as a philosophy student, when he pitched his neuroscience professor on encoding the S&P 500 into a dish of living neurons to predict the stock market. The professor said no. Years later, once they were both practicing neurosurgeons, Alex and John ran the experiment anyway. The market prediction didn't pan out, but it proved something bigger: that real-world data could be encoded into living neurons, processed, and decoded back out again. That became the premise for TBC: growing neurons on dishes wired to thousands of electrodes and deriving learning principles from them to make today's AI models faster, cheaper, and more efficient. The company came out of stealth this year having raised $50M at seed, grown from 5 people to 25, and signed its first paying customers for a neuron-derived video generation model. We're thrilled to have Alex and John on the podcast for a conversation about building the first company with real commercial access to biological compute, why the brain is still the best computer ever built, and what it will take to eventually put neurons directly in the compute loop.