Show Notes
Neurological conditions have been increasing over the past several decades, but none more quickly than Parkinson disease. What is this disorder, and what is driving the increase? We’ll discuss symptoms people often miss and find out about treatments.
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What Is Parkinson Disease?
This movement disorder is named after the doctor who first described it in a publication in 1817. As we mentioned, it has become more common in recent years, so you may not be surprised to learn of numerous celebrities who have or have had Parkinson disease (PD). Michael J. Fox may be one of the best known because he has worked so hard to gain recognition that PD can affect people in their 30s and 40s. Of course, like most degenerative conditions, it is more common as people age. Parkinson disease is characterized by a relative lack of dopamine. The areas of the brain that would normally produce this crucial neurotransmitter stop making it, for reasons that are not completely understood.
What Dopamine Does
We need dopamine for proper functioning with regard to movement, mood, sleep, attention and memory. This explains why some people with PD may experience cognitive challenges or depression. The FDA approved levodopa (AKA L-dopa) in 1970. It is still a mainstay of treatment for Parkinson disease, often with carbidopa. This therapy is more helpful for movement symptoms than for the other aspects of Parkinson disease, however.
Symptoms People Often Miss
In the past, it wasn’t possible to tell how much dopamine the brain might be making. A person might search for years to get the appropriate diagnosis because symptoms people often miss weren’t noticed.
People do think of tremor as a primary symptom of Parkinson disease, but they may confuse it with essential tremor. The tremor of PD occurs when the person is at rest. For example, the hands may shake while lying in the person’s lap. Essential tremor is completely different and occurs while the person is active, such as applying make-up or putting on earrings.
Another common symptom of PD is slower motion. It may take longer to cook a meal or get dressed. That is because we need dopamine to move. However, under some circumstances, slow-moving people can move remarkably quickly. Joe has noticed this with a tennis partner, and other people have seen it in emergencies.
New technology called DAT spect scan (for dopamine tags) makes it possible to tell if the brain is producing dopamine. The doctor may also order a MRI to make sure that the problem is with the dopamine area of the brain and not caused by a stroke or a tumor. After a diagnosis is established, the doctor may ask the patient to perform toe-tapping and finger-tapping exercises to assess how they are doing.
How Do Doctors Treat Parkinson Disease?
When we asked our guest, Dr. Nina Browner, what is at the top of her prescription pad for PD patients, she told us it is not a treatment but a conversation. Understanding the person and what is important to them is crucial in guiding the treatment. For example, one of her
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