Show Notes
The Egyptian-Hittite Treaty. In regnal year 21 (c.1272 BCE), Ramesses II announced a treaty with Hattusili III. The two kings united in "peace and brotherhood, forever," and agreed to a raft of provisions regarding their territories, vassals, rules-of-succession, and more.
As the first (surviving) treaty between the two Great Powers, the year 21 agreement is a landmark in the history of diplomacy. We explore the text and its impact...
Music: Luke Chaos.
Select References:
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Beckman, G. (1999). Hittite Diplomatic Texts (2nd ed.). Society of Biblical Literature.
Bryce, T. (2006). The ‘Eternal Treaty’ from the Hittite Perspective. British Museum Studies in Ancient Egypt and Sudan, 6, 1--11. https://britishmuseum.iro.bl.uk/concern/generic_works/df640471-59dc-446d-8c35-0ba6db52bf19
Davis, D. (1990). An Early Treaty of Friendship Between Egypt and Hatti. The Bulletin of the Australian Centre for Egyptology, 1, 31--37.
Devecchi, E. (2015). Missing Treaties of the Hittites. Kaskal, 12, 155--182.
Edel, E. (1994). Die ägyptisch-hethitische Korrespondenz aus Boghazköi in babylonischer und hethitischer Sprache I: Umschriften und Übersetzungen. Westdeutscher Verlag.
Franzmeier, H. (2024). Netjerwymes alias Parekhnu in Piramesses. In A. Cooke, N. Nielsen, & G. Godenho (Eds.), Landscapes: Studies in Honour of Steven Snape (pp. 91--98). Abercromby Press.
Goodwin, C. W. (1875). Treaty of Peace Between Rameses II and the Hittites. Records of the Past, 4, 25--32.
Istanbul Archaeological Museum. (2017, June 25). TREATY OF KADESH. Istanbul Archaeological Museum. https://web.archive.org/web/20170625213912/http://www.istanbularkeoloji.gov.tr/web/30-125-1-1/muze_-_en/collections/ancient_orient_museum_artifacts/treaty_of_kadesh
Kitchen, K. A., & Paul, J. N. (2012). Treaty, Law and Covenant in the Ancient Near East. Harrassowitz Verlag.
Klengel, H. (2002). Hattuschili und Ramses: Hethiter und Ägypter—Ihr langer Weg zum Frieden. Philipp von Zabern.
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Singer, I. (2012). החוזה הראשון בין חתי למצרים / The First Treaty Between Hatti and Egypt. In S. Aḥituv, M. Gruber, G. Lehmann, & Z. Talshir (Eds.), All the Wisdom of the East: Studies in Near Eastern Archaeology and History in Honor of Eliezer D. Oren (p. 47*-55*). Academic Press; Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
Spalinger, A. J. (1981). Considerations on the Hittite Treaty Between Egypt and Hatti. Studien Zur Altägyptischen Kultur, 9, 299--358. https://www.jstor.org/stable/44323250
Sürenhagen, D. (2006). Forerunners of the Hattusili-Ramesses Treaty. British Museum Studies in Ancient Egypt and Sudan, 6, 59--67. https://britishmuseum.iro.bl.uk/concern/generic_works/df640471-59dc-446d-8c35-0ba6db52bf19 Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
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