Show Notes
Since Russia launched its full-scale invasion of Ukraine, it has also escalated a shadow war against the West. Using cyberattacks, destruction of property, arson, assassinations, and information operations, Russian agents sow chaos and fear, while probing and testing capabilities and responses in the event of a broader full-scale war. In a wide-ranging conversation, host Bakhti Nishanov talks to shadow war and energy expert Benjamin Schmitt about his experiences tracking Russia's sabotage attempts across the globe. They delve into Schmitt's quest to show the world how Russia's actions affect the lives and livelihoods of people throughout the West, a journey that has taken him from Chile to the Arctic to the Baltic Sea and beyond. Read "Underwater Mayhem: Countering Threats to Energy and Critical Infrastructure Across the NATO Alliance and Beyond," here: https://kleinmanenergy.upenn.edu/research/publications/subsea-sabotage-protecting-energy-infrastructure-from-hostile-aggression/ --- Benjamin L. Schmitt is a senior fellow at the University of Pennsylvania, where he holds a joint academic appointment with the Department of Physics and Astronomy and the Kleinman Center for Energy Policy. He is also a senior fellow and the director of the graduate program at Perry World House. At Penn, Schmitt focuses on the project development and field deployment of the Simons Observatory, a new set of experimental cosmology telescopes and energy support infrastructure under construction at a high-altitude site in the Atacama Desert in northern Chile. In his joint role at Penn, he also pursues research and teaching with the Kleinman Center related to European energy security, critical infrastructure protection, export controls policies, and modern sanctions regimes. At Perry World House, Schmitt focuses on national security analysis focused on the transatlantic community and the Indo-Pacific, as well as emerging space security challenges. Previously, Schmitt was a research associate and project development scientist at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, where he supported the technical design, project management, and deployment of novel instrumentation and infrastructure for next-generation experimental cosmology telescopes at the South Pole. For this work, he traveled to the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station in Antarctica in early 2020 and received the U.S. Antarctica Service Medal. Schmitt remains an affiliate of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics and is also an associate of the Harvard-Ukrainian Research Institute. Schmitt is a term member of the Council on Foreign Relations. He is co-founder of the Duke Space Diplomacy Lab, where he is also a fellow of Duke's Rethinking Diplomacy Program. Schmitt is also a senior fellow for Democratic Resilience at the Center for European Policy Analysis (CEPA). Previously, Schmitt served as European energy security advisor at the U.S. Department of State, where he advanced diplomatic engagement vital to the energy and national security interests of the transatlantic community, with a focus on supporting the resilience of NATO's eastern flank and Ukraine in the face of Russian malign energy activities. Schmitt has been an invited lecturer on energy, national security, and science policy at Harvard, Princeton, Stanford, Morgan Stanley Investment Management, the National Defense University, and more. He also regularly publishes in Foreign Policy, The Daily Beast, Newsweek, The Hill, Atlantic Council, and Harvard International Review. Schmitt regularly provides expert commentary for print, television, and radio, including The New York Times, The Washington Post, The Wall Street Journal, Foreign Policy, NPR's Marketplace, BBC World Service, Slate, Vox, The Sunday Telegraph, Voice of America, Deutsche Welle, Bild Zeitung, Handelsblatt, and the Kyiv Post. Schmitt is a past recipient of the Government of Poland's Amicus Poloniae Award, has been honored as "Ukraine's Friend of
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October is a month of elections for the Balkans. Bosnians voted in their general election on October 4 and Serbians are heading to the polls on October 25 for their first national elections since the mass student protest movement began in November 2024. While these elections are consequential, they also underscore the unrest, political dysfunction, and foreign influence that have created friction and instability across the region over the past several years. This week, Bakhti is joined by experts Jasmin Mujanović and Amanda Thorpe to discuss the context shaping these elections, what to expect in the aftermath of each, and how the Dayton Accords signed thirty years ago continues to define the politics of the region. Jasmin Mujanović is an LA-based policy specialist on southeastern European international affairs. He is the author of two books on the subject titled, Hunger and Fury: The Crisis of Democracy in the Balkans and The Bosniaks: Nationhood After Genocide. Jasmin currently hosts the Balkanomnicon international affairs podcast and is a columnist at Odgovor. In addition, he serves as an advisor and analyst at the Sarajevo Security Conference, the Pell Center at Salve Regina University, and Freedom House. He holds a PhD in Political Science from York University in Toronto. Amanda Thorpe is a nonresident senior fellow with the Atlantic Council's Europe Center, where she focuses on the Western Balkans and Congressional strategy. She previously worked on the hill for twelve years as a professional staff member and as a national security advisor for Senator Welch of Vermont. She holds a master's degree from National Defense University and has received the Army Meritorious Public Service Award and the Office of Strategic Services Society Congressional Gold Medal. --- This podcast is hosted by Bakhti Nishanov and produced by Alanna Novetsky and Anna Nestler in conjunction with the Senate Recording Studio.
In August, Russian forces attacked two warehouses belonging to Ukrainian publisher Ranok Publishing, burning nearly 10 million books including 620,000 textbooks for the coming school year. On this episode of the Transatlantic, guest host Kristine Berzina joins us from Kyiv, Ukraine where she sat down with Viktor Kruglov and Bohdana Bohelska of Ranok Publishing. Viktor and Bohdana discuss what these attacks have meant for their families and business, Ukraine's schoolchildren, and the country's wartime literary culture. --- This episode is hosted by Kristine Berzina and produced by Alanna Novetsky, in conjunction with the Senate Recording Studio.
In this episode, Bakhti sits down with Nate Mook, an award-winning documentarian who has led organizations providing humanitarian aid to Ukraine since Russia's launched its full-scale invasion in 2022. Mook offers a firsthand account at how the organizations he has led, including World Central Kitchen and All Hands & Hearts, have adapted to provide for Ukrainians' evolving needs over the course of the war. Bakhti and Nate also discuss why Nate began working in Ukraine, how he has rallied international support for Ukraine in a challenging media environment, and what he thinks policymakers are missing about Ukrainian society. --- Nate Mook is a seasoned leader and gifted storyteller who transforms words into action and ideas into impact. From 2018 to 2022, Nate served as the first CEO of World Central Kitchen (WCK), leading its transformation from a small operation with under $1 million in revenue to a global humanitarian powerhouse raising $500 million annually. Following his time at WCK, Nate served two years as Special Advisor on Ukraine for the Howard G. Buffett Foundation. In recognition of his efforts for the Ukrainian people, Nate was awarded the Order of Merit by President Volodymyr Zelenskyy. In 2025, Nate became CEO of All Hands & Hearts, the disaster relief nonprofit co-founded by Petra Němcová. He is also a co-founder of Hachiko Foundation, supporting cats and dogs affected by war in frontline Ukrainian communities. Nate serves on the boards of March For Our Lives, a youth-led movement against gun violence, and Save Ukraine, which has rescued over 670 children abducted by Russia. He also advises Razom for Ukraine, on its advocacy efforts. Early in his career, Nate was a technology entrepreneur and later began working in film. He produced the award-winning HBO Documentary Baltimore Rising with The Wire's Sonja Sohn. Nate is an executive producer of the 2022 Emmy-nominated film We Feed People from Ron Howard about WCK's rise. In 2015, he conceived and directed the documentary Undiscovered Haiti with José Andrés, a project co-produced with National Geographic and PBS. Nate has been a longtime collaborator with TED, helping to grow the TEDx program from its start in 2009, leading the TEDxSummit in Doha, and organizing conferences in places like Mogadishu, Baghdad, Tripoli, and Mount Everest. He was named a "Change Hero" by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation for his work amplifying voices in underserved communities. When not working in disaster zones or traveling across Ukraine, Nate resides in Washington, DC, with his cat, Jinx Furdinand. --- This podcast is hosted by Bakhti Nishanov and produced by Alanna Novetsky, in conjunction with the Senate Recording Studio.
The year 1968 has become synonymous with protest and upheaval around the world. On this episode of the Transatlantic, Bakhti talks with Adrian Matus, author of the book The Long 1968 in Hungary and Romania, about what this pivotal year looked like in Hungary, Romania, and elsewhere behind the Iron Curtain. Bakhti and Adrian discuss how the generation of eastern Europeans born amidst World War II resisted the authoritarian systems they grew up in in uncoventional ways—through universities, literature, and even making their own instruments. Adrian then shares how the legacy of the '68ers lives on in Ukrainians under Russian occupation who are keeping their culture and identity alive using many of the same methods. --- Adrian Matus is an educator and scholar annd the Editor of the Democracy and Culture section. He defended his PhD in History at the European University Institute in 2022. Subsequently, he wrote a book entitled, "The Long 1968 in Hungary and Romania." Previously he graduated from Université Sorbonne Paris IV and Babeș-Bolyai University from Cluj-Napoca. From 2020 to 2022, he curated the "Communist Parties from Non-Socialist Countries" collection at the Blinken Open Society Archives, then continued researching this topic as a postdoctoral fellow at the New Europe College Bucharest. Adrian has also worked on various educational initiatives, designing history, cultural studies and social sciences syllabi for high-school students, asylum-seekers, and refugees. --- This podcast is hosted by Bakhti Nishanov and produced by Alanna Novetsky and Carly Breland, in conjunction with the Senate Recording Studio.
How does the Soviet Union's approach to human rights compare to contemporary Russia? Bakhti is joined by historian Benjamin Nathans to discuss the evolution of the Soviet dissident movement, what Vladimir Putin learned from his time as a KGB agent quashing dissent in the Soviet Union, and the lessons of this period for those resisting authoritarianism today. -- Benjamin Nathans teaches and writes about Imperial Russia and the Soviet Union, modern European Jewish history, and the history of human rights. Currently, he is the Endowed Term Professor of History at the University of Pennsylvania. His most recent book, To The Success of Our Hopeless Cause: The Many Lives of the Soviet Dissident Movement, was awarded the 2025 Pulitzer Prize for General Non-Fiction, the Pushkin House Book Prize, the Vucinich Prize in Russian, Eurasian and East European Studies, and the Zelnik Prize in History. It tells the story of dissent in the USSR from Stalin's death to the collapse of communism, exploring the idea and practice of rights and the rule of law in the setting of "mature socialism." Nathans is also author of Beyond the Pale: The Jewish Encounter With Late Imperial Russia and edited A Research Guide to Materials on the History of Russian Jewry (19th and Early 20th Centuries) in Selected Archives of the Former Soviet Union [in Russian]. He is a regular contributor to the New York Review of Books and the Times Literary Supplement. He is the co-editor and contributor to two scholarly volumes, Culture Front: Representing Jews in Eastern Europe (2014) and From Europe's East to the Middle East: Israel's Russian and Polish Lineages (2021).