Summary
Marketers are increasingly criticizing the concept of "bull spend," referring to advertising budgets allocated to metrics that appear impressive until scrutinized by financial officers. This phenomenon is highlighted in discussions among professionals who are advocating for more effective spending strategies that yield tangible results rather than superficial metrics.
The conversation shifts to the Standard Model of Particle Physics, which is recognized as one of the most successful theories in science. It is encapsulated in the Standard Model Lagrangian, a complex equation that describes the interactions of fundamental particles and forces. The episode delves into how this model emerged from the understanding of symmetries in nature, leading to the formulation of equations that govern particle behavior.
The hosts explain the significance of the Lagrangian in physics, emphasizing its role in deriving equations of motion through the principle of least action. They break down the components of the Standard Model Lagrangian, detailing how it accounts for both fermions, which constitute matter, and bosons, which mediate forces. The discussion also touches on the Higgs field, which is crucial for explaining particle mass, and the ongoing mysteries in physics that the Standard Model does not yet resolve, such as dark matter and energy. Despite its complexities and limitations, the Standard Model Lagrangian remains a monumental achievement in understanding the subatomic world.
Show Notes
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The Standard Model of particle physics is arguably the most successful theory in the history of physics. It predicts the results of experiments with a numerical precision unmatched by any other branch of science, and it does so almost unfailingly. The theory is encapsulated in a single equation known as the Standard Model Lagrangian. Today we’re going to explain to you how it works!
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Hosted by Matt O'Dowd Written by Fernando Franco Felix & Matt O'Dowd Post Production by Leonardo Scholzer, Yago Ballarini, Pedro Osinski, Caique Oliveira, Adriano Leal & Stephanie Faria Directed by Andrew Kornhaber Associate Producer: Bahar Gholipour Executive Producers: Eric Brown & Andrew Kornhaber Executive in Charge for PBS: Maribel Lopez Director of Programming for PBS: Gabrielle Ewing Assistant Director of Programming for PBS: John Campbell
Spacetime is produced by Kornhaber Brown for PBS Digital Studios. This program is produced by Kornhaber Brown, which is solely responsible for its content. © 2022 PBS. All rights reserved.
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Thank you to World of Warships for supporting PBS, go to: http://go.thoughtleaders.io/1691420200309 and use the code: BATTLESTATIONS2020 to let them know we sent you. Uploaded 24-03-20PBS Member Stations rely on viewers like you. To support your local station, go to: http://to.pbs.org/DonateSPACESign Up on Patreon to get access to the Space Time Discord! https://www.patreon.com/pbsspacetimeSign up for the mailing list to get episode notifications and hear special announcements!https://tinyurl.com/yx9cusk5Check out the Space Time Merch Storehttps://pbsspacetime.com/If there’s one thing cooler than a black hole it’s a rotating black hole. Why? Because we can use them as futuristic power generators, galactic-scale bombs, and portals to other universes.Hosted by Matt O'DowdWritten by Matt O'DowdGraphics by Leonardo Scholzer, Yago Ballarini, and Pedro OsinskiDirected by: Andrew KornhaberExecutive Producers: Eric Brown and Andrew KornhaberEnd Credits Music by J.R.S. Schattenberg: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCRl6-nb4iOnsij-vnpAjp0QBlack holes are self-sustaining holes in the fabric of spacetime. Space at the event horizon cascades downwards, dragging more space behind it, sort of like how water drags itself near the edge of a waterfall. In a Kerr black hole, space above the event horizon is dragged around in a circle - so less waterfall and more whirlpool. Water spiraling down a drain in a flat sink doesn’t know about the hole - it only knows about the motion of the water around it. In fact it’s possible to construct a black hole in general relativity rotating or otherwise - without any mass. Warp spacetime so it looks like the exterior of a black hole, and that warping will persist. So what is rotating? Spacetime is rotating.Special Thanks to our Patreon SponsorsBIg Bang Alexander TamasDavid NicklasFabrice EapJuan BenetMorgan HoughRadu NegulescuQuasar SupportersChristina OegrenMark HeisingVinnie FalcoHypernova Supporterschuck zegarDanton SpiveyDonal BotkinEdmund FokschanerHank SJohn HofmannJohn PollockJohn R. SlavikJordan YoungJoseph SalomoneJulian TyackeJustin AshMathewMatthew O'ConnorMatthew RyanSyed AnsarTimothy McCullochGamma Ray Burst SupportersA GAdrian HatchAdrien MolyneuxAlecZeroAndreas NautschAngela PriggeArefa AhmadBradley JenkinsBrandon labonteBrandon LattinBrian BlanchardCraig StonahaDan WarrenDaniel LyonsDavid BethalaDFaulkDouglas CantrellEric KieblerFrederic SimonGeoffrey ShortGraydon GossGreg SmithJohn FunaiJohn RobinsonJosh ThomasKevin LeeKevin WarneKyle HoferMalte UblMichael ConroyNick VirtueNick WrightNickolas Andrew FreemanPatrick SuttonPaul RoseProtius ProtiusRandall SylviaRobert IlardiScott GossettSean WarniahaShane CalimlimSipke SchoorstraSteve BradshawTatiana VorovchenkoTim StephaniTonyfaceTybie FitzhughYannick WeynsYurii Konovaliuk Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
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