Show Notes
South Korea’s very low birth rate and ageing population have long served as a cautionary tale for other governments worried that they’ll see similar demographic challenges. But now, for the second year running, more people in South Korea are having children. The 6.8% rise in births in 2025 is the largest rise since 2007, and has taken the country’s total fertility rate to 0.80, up from 0.75 in 2024. The news is being cautiously celebrated, but with South Korea’s overall population still shrinking, it is yet to reverse its demographic fortunes. In this episode, we speak to Stuart Gietel-Basten, a demographer and professor of social science and public policy at Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, about how South Korea has got to this point and some of the structural issues the country still faces. This episode was written and produced by Gemma Ware and Katie Flood. Mixing by Eleanor Brezzi and theme music by Neeta Sarl. Read the full credits for this episode and sign up here for a free daily newsletter from The Conversation. If you like the show, please consider donating to The Conversation, an independent, not-for-profit news organisation. Japan is not the only country worrying about population decline – get used to a two-speed world China’s population decline is a result of decades of botched family planning measures and will have global implications South Korea’s gender imbalance is bad news for men − outnumbering women, many face bleak marriage prospects
Mentioned in this episode: The Making of an Autocrat Search "The Conversation Weekly" for our new series: The Making of an Autocrat. Is America watching its democracy unravel in real time? In The Making of an Autocrat from The Conversation, six of the world’s pre-eminant scholars reveal the recipe for authoritarian rule. From capturing a party, to controlling the military, Donald Trump is borrowing from the playbook of strongmen thoughout history. This is the story of how democracies falter — and what might happen next.
More from The Conversation Weekly
Twenty years ago, extreme and violent pornography was largely confined to a niche corner of the internet. Today, depictions of strangulation and sexual violence have become mainstream. So how did porn become so extreme? In this episode, Clare McGlynn, professor of law at Durham University in the UK, explains how the algorithms and business models of major porn platforms are helping to normalise increasingly violent content. She also discusses its impact on young people’s sexual behaviour, and unpacks new UK laws that target porn depicting strangulation and other forms of sexual violence. Content warning: This episode contains descriptions of sex and sexual violence. This episode was written and produced by Gemma Ware and Isabella Podwinski. Mixing by Michelle Macklem and theme music by Neeta Sarl. Grace Jennings-Edquist is executive producer of podcasts. Ashlynne McGhee is our head of editorial innovation. Misha Ketchell and Stephen Khan are our editors in chief. You can sign up for a free daily newsletter from The Conversation. If you like the show, please consider donating to The Conversation, an independent, not-for-profit news organisation.
In Tennessee, death row inmate Christa Pike survived an attempt to execute her by lethal injection in late September. Meanwhile, plans to livestream a US military execution recently sparked outrage, prompting President Donald Trump to walk back the broadcast. These controversies come after a sharp rise in executions in the United States in 2025, reversing a decline that had lasted two decades. In this episode, historian Carolyn Strange, emeritus professor at the Australian National University, talks us through the history of capital punishment in America, from public hangings to lethal injections. She explains why failed executions are nothing new, what's driving the resurgence, and why the death penalty remains so deeply political. This episode was produced by Justin Bergman, Isabella Podwinski and Gemma Ware. Grace Jennings-Edquist was the executive producer. Mixing by Dan Semo and theme music by Neeta Sarl. Ashlynne McGhee is our Head of Editorial Innovation. Misha Ketchell and Stephen Khan are our editors in chief. You can sign up for a free daily newsletter from The Conversation. If you like the show, please consider donating to The Conversation, an independent, not-for-profit news organisation.
In the western Canadian province of Alberta, a political battle is playing out on people’s front lawns. Separatists are flying the royal blue Alberta flag, others the red and white maple leaf of Canada to show their support for a united Canada. It's all because a populist right-wing political movement wants Alberta to break away from the rest of the country. On October 19, Albertans will vote in a referendum on whether to have a referendum on independence. So how did the relatively small separatist movement gain so much political influence? Why do they want to leave Canada? And what does Donald Trump have to do with all of this? Listen to Jared Wesley, a professor of political science at the University of Alberta, on the origins of the Alberta separatist movement. This episode was written and produced by Gemma Ware and Grace Jennings-Edquist. Mixing by Dan Semo and theme music by Neeta Sarl. Ashlynne McGhee is our Head of Editorial Innovation. Misha Ketchell and Stephen Khan are our editors in chief. You can sign up for a free daily newsletter from The Conversation. If you like the show, please consider donating to The Conversation, an independent, not-for-profit news organisation. Q&A with an Alberta politics expert: Taking the province’s pulse as the referendum approaches What if Alberta really did vote to separate? Albertans disapprove of Donald Trump — and his brand is weakening separatism, too As Alberta separatists court the U.S., prosperity is fuelling a sovereigntist turn
What is it that makes us conscious? How does the firing of neurons in one part of our brain make us feel aggressive, while others make us hungry or anxious? These are the questions that drove the discoveries behind the 2026 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine. One of the new laureates, Karl Deisseroth, a professor in the schools of medicine and engineering at Stanford University, speaks to us this week about his pioneering research into optogenetics that led him to become a Nobel laureate. This episode of The Conversation Weekly was written and produced by Gemma Ware, Grace Jennings-Edquist and Isabella Podwinski. Mixing by Lloyd Barrett and theme music by Neeta Sarl. Ashlynne McGhee is our Head of Editorial Innovation. Misha Ketchell and Stephen Khan are our editors in chief. You can sign up for a free daily newsletter from The Conversation. If you like the show, please consider donating to The Conversation, an independent, not-for-profit news organisation. Read more coverage of the 2026 Nobel prizes on The Conversation How pond algae led to a Nobel prize and a new way to study the brain Optogenetics wins the Nobel – one neuroscience breakthrough in a line of technological innovations helping scientists map and control the brain
Israel is heading to the polls on October 27 and Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu is facing perhaps the toughest political battle of his career. He's been accused of treason over fresh allegations he was warned of a major Hamas plot ahead of the October 7 attacks. In this week's episode of The Conversation Weekly, Dov Waxman, a political scientist and Professor of Israeli Studies at the University of California explains why Israel's political magician might be out of tricks and how former IDF chief and political novice Gadi Eisenkot could be the one to upstage him. Read more Israeli political analysis from Dov Waxman here. This episode was written by Justin Bergman and Isabella Podwinski was the executive producer. Sound mixing by Dan Semo and our theme music by Neeta Sarl. Gemma Ware is our Head of Audio and Ashlynne McGhee is our Head of Editorial Innovation. Misha Ketchell and Stephen Khan are our editors in chief. You can sign up here for a free daily newsletter from The Conversation. If you like the show, please consider donating to The Conversation, an independent, not-for-profit news organisation.