Similarities & differences in Hindi and Sanskrit
Learn Fluent English, Hindi & Sanskrit with Professor AshishShow Notes
1]There are eleven vowels and thirty three consonants in Hindi, whereas there are thirteen vowels and thirty three consonants in Sanskrit.
2]There are three Numbers in Sanskrit. They are Singular, Dual and Plural. Only more than two are considered Plural. In Hindi, there are only two numbers. They are Singular and Plural.
3]There are three genders in Sanskrit. They are Masculine, Feminine and Neutral. In Hindi there are just Masculine and Feminine genders.
4] In Hindi, the verb changes according to person, number and gender. In Sanskrit, the verb changes according to person and number only. It does not change according to gender.
5] In Hindi the last syllable of the word is pronounced half, whereas in Sanskrit, it is pronounced completely unless marked by ‘Halant’ . Halant is a symbol to pronounce the syllable half.
6]There are only two types of vowels in Hindi. They are Short and long vowels [Hrasva and Deergha svaras]. In Sanskrit, there are three types of vowels; Hrasva, Deergha and Pluta. Pluta is an elongated vowel. Eg: Raaaamaaa, Krishnaaaa, Aagachchaaaa, etc
7]One remarkable difference between the two is with regard to case endings. Unlike Hindi, Sanskrit is an inflecting language.
8]Because Sanskrit is an inflecting language, word order does not matter at all. In Hindi, word order matters.
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More from Learn Fluent English, Hindi & Sanskrit with Professor Ashish
Hindi Script,Transliteration,English Translation नमस्ते! आप कैसे हैं?,Namaste! Aap kaise hain?,Hello! How are you? कृपया एक गिलास पानी दीजिए।,Kripya ek glass pani dijiye.,Please give me a glass of water. यह कितने का है?,Yeh kitne ka hai?,How much does this cost? क्या आप मेरी मदद कर सकते हैं?,Kya aap meri madad kar sakte hain?,Can you help me? बाथरूम किधर है?,Bathroom kidhar hai?,Where is the bathroom? स्टेशन किधर है?,Station kidhar hai?,Where is the station? मुझे देर हो रही है।,Mujhe der ho rahi hai.,I am running late. मैं शाकाहारी हूँ।,Main shakahari hoon.,I am vegetarian. क्या यहाँ पास में कोई एटीएम है?,Kya yahan paas mein koi ATM hai?,Is there an ATM nearby? मैं इंडिया से प्यार करता हूँ।,Main India se pyaar karta hoon.,I love India. आपके परिवार में कौन-कौन है?,Aapke parivar mein kaun-kaun hai?,Who all is in your family? यह रास्ता कहाँ जाता है?,Yeh rasta kahan jata hai?,Where does this road lead? क्या मैं तस्वीर ले सकता हूँ?,Kya main tasveer le sakta hoon?,Can I take a picture? मैं हिंदी सीख रहा हूँ।,Main Hindi seekh raha hoon.,I am learning Hindi. अभी समय क्या हुआ है?,Abhi samay kya hua hai?,What time is it now? Schedule our one-to-one lessons at Italki -https://www.italki.com/ProfessorAshish For Personalized individual and group classes, contact me -https://www.ashish.com.br/
Sanskrit Hindi English Namo Namah (नमो नमः) Namaste (नमस्ते) Hello / Greetings / I bow to you सुप्रभातम (Suprabhātam) Shubh Prabhat (शुभ प्रभात) Good morning शुभ मध्याह्नम् (Śubh Madhyāhnam) Shubh Dopahar (शुभ दोपहर) Good afternoon शुभ सायं (Śubh Sāyaṁ) Shubh Sandhya (शुभ संध्या) Good evening शुभ रात्रि (Śubh Rātri) Shubh Ratri (शुभ रात्रि) Good night नमस्कारः (Namaskārah) Namaskar (नमस्कार) Greetings / Salutations स्वागतम् (Svāgatam) Swagat Hai (स्वागत है) Welcome कथं अस्ति भवान् (Katham asti bhavān) Aap kaise hain? (आप कैसे हैं?) How are you? (formal, masculine) कथं अस्ति भवति (Katham asti bhavati) Aap kaisi hain? (आप कैसी हैं?) How are you? (formal, feminine) पुनः मिलामः (Punaḥ milāmaḥ) Phir milenge (फिर मिलेंगे) See you again / We will meet again
Sanskrit Sentences with meaning in Hindi and English