Show Notes
When a shopper is tricked into making a fraudulent purchase, they expect recourse from their financial services provider. These guardrails are one of the reasons credit cards have become predominant in the U.S.—not only can consumers dispute charges after the fact, but many issuers proactively alert users when suspicious activity occurs.
Similar protections exist for ACH payments, but they are largely a function of the lag between payment initiation and settlement. With real-time payments, such as those facilitated by FedNow and the RTP network, this buffer disappears.
As both systems gain traction, particularly in B2B use cases, fraud prevention strategies must evolve to address payments that are instant and irreversible.
In a recent PaymentsJournal podcast, Darren Beyer, Chief Product Officer at Qolo, and Suzanne Sando, Lead Fraud Management Analyst at Javelin Strategy & Research, discussed how the convergence of faster payments and increasingly sophisticated fraud is fueling a full-scale redesign of fraud prevention architecture. It has also placed a demanding onus on financial institutions to implement highly precise risk controls while preserving the customer experience.
The Window Is Closing
As faster payments erode the traditional safety net around transactions, institutions must shift fraud detection to earlier stages of the payment process. In the past, organizations benefited from extended review periods, during which funds could be reversed if necessary. That capability is quickly becoming a thing of the past.
“In the world of instant payments, specifically around RTP and FedNow, you've got an instantaneous movement and settlement of money. And that's where the problem lies, because there's no longer time to pull this stuff back,” Beyer said. “There's no window where you have an ability to say, ‘I really didn't mean to send it’ or ‘I fat-fingered this particular account number.’”
“With that gone, it's less of an opportunity for the people sending payments to fix problems, and that opens the window for fraudsters,” he said.
In this environment, striking the right balance between strong fraud prevention and a seamless customer experience is difficult, especially given the high expectations shaped by card and ACH transactions.
These challenges are accelerating the need for real-time decisioning, where firms analyze multiple data points to assess payment risk before processing. However, achieving high decision accuracy will likely require introducing some level of friction. While this may feel new in the context of real-time payments, methods like multi-factor authentication are already familiar to both banks and customers.
“Every time I log into YouTube, I get a six-digit one-time passcode,” Beyer said. “If I have to do that for YouTube, why is my financial institution not making me do that? They do when I log in, but if I'm doing a big payment out, shouldn't the same thing be happening? Isn't the ‘friction’ of getting a one-time passcode worth the extra two or three seconds it takes to put that into the website? I think the answer is yes.”
The challenge lies in applying the right amount of friction in an emerging payments model. This is where step-up authentication plays a key role. It allows institutions to adjust controls, enabling low-risk payments to proceed smoothly while subjecting higher-risk transactions to greater scrutiny.
Even so, introducing any friction into the customer journey can raise concerns for financial institutions.
“There has been an assumption that strong security will ruin the customer experience, but Javelin has found that good security can improve trust and adoption of certain payment channels and methods and new technologies,” Sando said. “Consumers and businesses want to know that their accounts and their money is protected and that they can trust the institution and the organizations that they choose to do business with.”
The Widening Technology Gap
Implementing safeguards
More from PaymentsJournal
For years, payments have largely fallen into two camps: horizontal platforms built to serve a broad range of businesses, and vertical solutions designed around the specific needs of a particular industry.
The more banking moves onto a smartphone, the harder it becomes for financial institutions to create a tangible connection with their customers. Yet as more of the banking relationship becomes digital, consumers continue to seek experiences that feel personal and distinctive—from personalized products and luxury brands to rewards, upgrades, and exclusive access.
Fraudsters no longer need to reinvent their tactics from scratch. With artificial intelligence and increasingly sophisticated access to consumer data, they can test new approaches quickly, learn what works, and adapt before financial institutions have time to catch up.
The payment card was supposed to disappear. As digital wallets, embedded payments, and mobile-first experiences reshaped commerce, the physical card seemed destined to follow the path of other outdated tools. Instead, it has found a new role—not just as a simple way to pay, but as a platform of identity, access, rewards, and deeper customer engagement.
There is a growing disparity between hype and reality when it comes to agentic commerce. This is not so much a critique of AI agents’ capabilities, or the infrastructure that has rapidly emerged to support them, as it is an indication that this model is still in its early stages.