Show Notes
Age in Korean is not just a number - it is the foundation of how every conversation is structured. In this episode of TOPIK & Beyond, host Eliza explains the age-based speech system that shapes all Korean social interaction: how to count and express age correctly (살 vs 세), the relational titles that replace names (언니, 오빠, 형, 누나, 선배, 후배), and the speech level system (반말 vs 존댓말) that adjusts based on age and relationship. Anchored in an anonymous student story about a conversation that suddenly shifted after age was revealed, this episode teaches 13 Korean words and expressions - including a short A2–B1 Korean story segment. It explains not just the vocabulary but the cultural logic of 위계질서 (hierarchy) that makes Korean age-consciousness one of the most important things for any learner to understand. What You’ll Learn in This Episode Age and hierarchy나이 [na-i] - age 위계 [wi-gye] - hierarchy - the relational ordering Korean age creates 호칭 [ho-ching] - form of address
Counting age correctly살 [sal] - years old - spoken, everyday (native Korean numbers) 세 [se] - years old - formal, written (Sino-Korean numbers)
Age-based titles언니 [eon-ni] - older sister (female → older female) 오빠 [o-ppa] - older brother (female → older male) 형 [hyeong] - older brother (male → older male) 누나 [nu-na] - older sister (male → older female) 선배 / 후배 [seon-bae / hu-bae] - senior / junior
Speech levels반말 [ban-mal] - informal speech - close relationships, same age 존댓말 [jon-daet-mal] - formal/polite speech - default with strangers and seniors
Korean Story Segment (A2–B1)A short story about Suji meeting a Korean friend for the first time - the age question, the title offer, and what it means to be called 언니. Followed by an English summary.
Continue Your Korean Journey Korean FLOW Club
A warm, structured weekly practice space for Korean learners who want consistent, low-pressure study. Real Korean stories, conversations, and expressions - the kind of cultural language you hear in real Korean relationships. Details → www.joaacademy.com/the-korean-flow-club
Connect 🌐 Website: https://www.joaacademy.com/ 📸 Instagram: @korean.joaacademy 🎧 Podcast: TOPIK & Beyond - available on Spotify, Apple Podcasts, and all major platforms 📝 Read this episode on Substack: @ Korean Joa Academy
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